We should also note that it’s possible to experience one or both depersonalization and derealization. In contrast, others may perceive time at a different speed than what is actually occurring in reality. For those experiencing derealization, their day-to-day livelihood may be accompanied by fogginess or dreamlike sensations. With the depersonalization aspect of this type, the person may feel like they are watching a movie, viewing their own actions and behaviors as if they were an outside source. Depersonalization-derealization disorder comprises a sense of detachment from one’s self. ![]() Notably, that denial can lead to exhibiting violent behavior and false negative diagnoses.ĭepersonalization-derealization disorder – As mentioned earlier, episodes of this type occur in some 75% of people. Though dissociative disorders of this type can occur in both men and women, NAMI writes men are more likely to deny symptoms and trauma history. This confusion may cause a person to travel or wander away from their life without explanation. Of note, it’s common for someone with dissociative identity disorder also to endure dissociative amnesia and dissociative fugue. This disorder is particularly challenging because each of those identities may have a unique name, background, and characteristics like speaking voice and tone, or physical mannerisms. ![]() Someone who experiences dissociative identity disorder may feel like multiple people exist inside their head or may feel possessed by more than one identity. Additionally, one may have multiple episodes at various points in their life.ĭissociative identity disorder – Once commonly referred to as “multiple personality disorder,” dissociative identity disorder involves the act of one frequently switching or changing to alternate identities. As NAMI reports, dissociative amnesia can occur at any time, as there is no average age onset or percentage. Because this type of dissociative disorder remains connected with an event or period of time, people who experience it may not recall basic information about their lives or the people in them during that traumatic time. These bouts of amnesia usually occur suddenly and can last from minutes to months, or even years. In many cases, dissociative amnesia relates to a specific event or experience, like what soldiers undergo during battle, which can cause a complete loss of memory. Types of Dissociative DisordersĪccording to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), a taxonomic and diagnostic tool published by the American Psychiatric Association, there are three main types of dissociative disorders:ĭissociative amnesia – While forgetfulness is something many of us encounter from time to time, the memory loss associated with dissociative amnesia is far more severe and frequent. Today, we’ll help to clarify that confusion by exploring dissociative disorders deeper, including the specifics behind their symptoms, causes, how mental health professionals diagnose them, and how to treat them effectively. Despite the prevalence of these episodes across all ages, races, ethnicities, and socioeconomic backgrounds - these conditions don’t discriminate - much confusion still exists regarding what dissociative disorders really are and how they impact the lives of those who struggle with them. The National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) reports that about 2% of the population meet the full criteria for chronic dissociative episodes, while upwards of 75% will have at least one episode of depersonalization/derealization (more on that in a bit) at some point in their lives. ![]() However, as more people than you might have guessed can attest, dissociative disorders are characterized by persistent or perpetual feelings of detachment or memory loss. By definition, the word “dissociation” refers to the disconnection one can have from others, themselves or the world around them.
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